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Caroline bowen phonological processes12/2/2023 In some cases there may be a problem perceiving speech in others and/or self, although the child’s hearing test may have shown normal hearing. It can run in families, suggesting a genetic role. We do know that it is a brain-based problem. We usually don’t know what causes a phonological disorder. It takes time and practice to learn to say the sound in all positions of the word at all times. This characteristic of speech (being able to say the sound in some contexts but not others) is very normal and does not reflect a lack of effort. This leads many parents to wonder “Is my child just being lazy?” The answer is no. A child may be able to say the sound only at the beginning of a word but not in the middle or at the end of a word. Is my child just being “lazy” with her speech?Ĭhildren with a phonological disorder may be physically capable of saying the sounds, but often don’t when speaking in conversation. they may swap long (fricative) sounds with short (stop) sounds, AND have an interdental “s” (lisp). Sometimes a child may have both a phonological disorder and an articulation disorder. A phonological disorder is caused by difficulties organising the sound system into a set of sound contrasts. On the other hand, a phonological disorder usually affects a group of sounds and is a language-based problem, based in the mind. a lisp) may only affect one sound or a couple of sounds and the problem is with making individual speech sounds. tap becomes “cap” or “gap”), and deleting the first sound from a word.Ī phonological disorder is different to an articulation disorder. Examples of abnormal phonological patterns include backing, (where a front sound is swapped with a back sound, eg. It is also important to note that some patterns are not part of normal development. What is a phonological disorder?Ī child has a phonological disorder when she continues to use these normal patterns of sound substitution past the time that it is normal to do so. Normally-developing children eliminate these patterns over time as their speech becomes more adult-like and intelligible (able to be understood). These patterns are not really errors, and are referred to as “phonological processes” or “phonological patterns”. Usually, these substitutions occur in groups, forming patterns of “errors”. When analysed, we can see that they are substituting “harder” sounds (the sounds they will develop later on), with “easier” sounds (sounds they develop early on). This is because children use a simplified sound system. They don’t talk like adults and they are often hard to understand. How do children normally develop their sound system?Īs parents will have observed, children are not born with an adult-like sound (or phonology) system. If you are still having to interpret for your child and she is 4 years old or more, chances are your child has a phonological disorder. Let’s look at what it is and what to do if you suspect your child may have this problem.Īre you often interpreting your child’s speech for others? ![]() San Deigo, CA: Singular Publishing Group, Inc.Phonological disorder: the most common of speech disorders in young children, and yet perhaps the least understood by the common person. ![]() Kent (Eds.), The new phonologies: Developments in clinical linguistics. A practical guide for families and teachers. Table 3: Elimination of Phonological Processes. If you are concerned about your child’s speech or language development, please email for free advice: please see our fixed fee assessment which may meet your needs
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